Wednesday, July 19, 2006

Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith

© 2006 Na Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith

Duirú. This is the place where it all began in 1985, "na Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith". The empire Duirún lies within the borders of Dechbetten, a southern suburb of Regensburg, the mountain Gós ar Uith lies south west and borders with the cliffs of Schwalbennest. In the early days we copied the map of Dechbetten (or Dakbadhan) from our local telephone book and look what we have now :-)

If you like more please contact iorpun@gmail.com

Tuesday, July 18, 2006

Na nút bon et ni nebuli darq i skamal


© 2006 Na nút bon

€ Estam viz por stel ca'ud t' nút bon
~ ästam wisch por stäl kaud t niet bon
DE Ich wünsche Dir eine gute Nacht
EN I wish you a good night

Dikzonar
Na nút - The night
bon/gud - good
Estam viz - I wish
á viz - to wish
por - for
stel ca'ud - you (Dative)
Na nebul – The cloud
Na skamal - The sky
darq/dunkal – dark
negral/blaq - black

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Ni sorti diferanti d’uiskúq et ni modi qa’an d’skriboq















© 2006 Mang botali d'uiskúq irúz

Duvlin
. Est dezend na vord "Whiskey" or "Whisky" fra vord gaelgúz/d'Gaelgúnoq "uisge beatha" or "uisce beatha" vidz est deskrib na "akv d'vitoq".

Dikzonar
Na sort - The sort
Na diferanz - The difference
Na uiskú - The whisk(e)y
Na botal - The bottle
mang - many
Irú - Ireland
irúz - irish
Na mod - The mode
Na skrib - The writing
Duvlin - Dublin
á dezend - To descend
fra - from
Na vord - The word
Na Gaelgún - The gaelic language
gaelgúz - gaelic
or - or
Uisce/uisge beatha - Water of life
vidz - which
á deskrib - to describe
N'akv - The water
Na vit - The life

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud

Un amiqo d’familoq Jobert

© Na flor Anemone Honorine Jobert i gan d'famil Jobert

Paris. Og-dag tog visit n’amiqo ispanúq Carlo t’famil d’Anemone Honorine Jobert in hus qa’iz in Paris. Dág na surpriz grand por famil Jobert et tigiz zalab t’fest qon botali d’vinoq ruz.

Na rekrut d’armúq
Baraq. Est start á paq na rekrut d’armúq t’saq qa’an.

Na filosofú, na religion et na pruf d'existanz d'vitoq aft mort
Por Roland Burke, + 10.07.2006

GRAMAR
The ending –anz is replacing the endings –ence and –anz, –ment stays the same, -zon -tion

Dikzonar
Na militar – The military
Na rekrut – The recruit
Á rekrut – To rekrut
N’armú – The army
Na quest/cvest – The question
Á qest/cvest – To ask
Na baraq – The barrak
Na domizil – The domicile
Na hus/maison – The house
Na partizipant – The participant
Á partizipat – To participate
Na marzal – The marshall
Na camrad – The comrade
N’amiq/amig/frend – The friend (n.)
N’amiqo/amigo/frendo – The friend (m.)
N’amiqa/amiga/frenda – The friend (f.)
Na moment – The moment
Ay moment – At the moment
Un moment, con-vil-ca’ud! – One moment, please!
Bruxel – Brussels
Na filosofú – The philosophie
Na filosof – The philosoph
Na column – The column
Na pruf – The proof
Á pruf – To prove
Na existanz – The existence
Á exist – To exist
Na vit aft mort - The life after death
God/Dios/Deú/De/Di – God
Na signal – The sign, signal
Na paq – The pack
Á paq – To pack
Na saq – The sack
Na verzon – The version
Na ofiz – The office
Na start – The start
Á start – to start, begin
Congratulazon - Congratulation
Og-dag - Yesterday

Ni paranti – The parents
Na parant – The parent
Na padar – The father
Na madar – The mother
Na infant – The child
Na son/filo – The son
Na tadar/dadar/dotar/dodar/fila – The daughter

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Monday, July 17, 2006

Gaelgún et na Parlment Iorpúz
















© 2006 Na Parlment Iorpúz

Na debat laq us d’linguxoq Gaelgún

Bruxel
. Na translazon aktual et ni legi d’interpretazonoq por lingux Gaelgún vil cost na Parlment Iorpúz aprox €677,000 (£470,000) in ani d’futuroq. Est cos na numbar t’debat si dá na EU na “Tur d’Babaloq”. Est akzept na EU t’Catalonú et t’lingux qa’an Catalonún.

Na yus d’frutoq
€ Estam drinq t’yus cul d’frutoq ananas
~ Estam drink t jus kul d frutok ananas
EN I drink the cold Ananas fruit juice
DE Ich drinke den kalten Ananas Fruchtsaft
FR

Dikzonar:
Na Gaelgún – The gaelic language
Bruxel - Brussels
Na us – The usage
To us – To use
Na parlment – The parliament
To debat – To debate
Na debat – the debate
Na interpretazon – The interpretation
To interpret – To interprete
Na translazon – The translation
To translat – To translate
Na leg – The law
Legal – Legal
To cost – To cost
Na an - The year
Na futur - The future
Ni ani d'futuroq - In the future years
Aprox – Approximately
Na buton – The button
N’akzon – The action
In akzon – In action 
N’artikal – The article
To cos – To cause
Si – if, whether
Na number – The number
Na tur – The tower
Babal – Babel
Est akzept – Accept
Catalonú – Catalonia
Catalonún – Catalonian (both language and people)
Na yus – The juice
Cul - Cold
Na frut – The fruit
N’ananas – The ananas

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Sunday, July 16, 2006

Interlingua d'International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA)












© 2006 Interlingua d'International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA)

The International Auxiliary Language Association, which existed from 1924 to 1954, was a notable proponent of international auxiliary languages. Although it was originally created to determine which auxiliary language of a wide field of contenders would be the best suited to the task of international communication, it eventually changed direction into creating its own language, Interlingua. It would later publish materials in and about Interlingua from 1951 until 1954.


Por mor informazoni laq IALA et Interlingua go cliq t'linki, con-vil-ca'ud!

Saturday, July 15, 2006

Ni advantadzi d’linguxoq Iorpún - Part I

Ni artikali: Na, Ni et Un
Na/Ni: The definite articles "Na" and "Ni" derive from the Irish articles “An” (sgl.) and “Na” (pl.). In Iorpún “Na” means “the” (sgl.) and “Ni” “the” (pl.). There is no distinction between f, m and n, i.e. na fem – ni femi, na patar – ni patari and na strat – ni strati.
Un: The indefinite article is “Un” and there is no distinction between f, m and n, i.e. un fem, un patar and un strat.

Ni casi d’Iorpúnoq

Nominativ
Un gan - Na gan – Ni gani
Un animal - N’animal – Ni animali
Un car – Na car – Ni cari
Un car - Tu cari

Genetiv (d’ -oq/-iq)
Na flor d’montanoq (sgl.)
Ni colori d’fiziq (pl.)

Dativ (con, por et laq)
Con vin/vini
Por púpal/púpali
Laq brodar/brodari

Akusativ (t’)
Est fres na cat t’rat – Ist fres ni cati t’rati
Est es na uman t’múl – Ist es ni umani t’múli
Est es Tom t'múli tu (= tu múli)

Lokativ
I faz/fazi
In automobil/automobili (“In” only used before “a-, e-, i-, o- and u-“ words)
In hus/husi (“In” only used before “h-“ words, vive la France :-)

Temporativ
Ay zabad – Ay zabadi
As tim - As timi

Singular et Plural

Nominativ (-i):
As most of the words in Iorpún end with a consonant it is easy to add the plural suffix –i:
Un/Na stat – Ni stati
Un/N’akv – Ni akvi
Un taxi/na taxi - ni taxi

Genetiv (d -oq, -iq or –qi):
Ni tabali d’baroq (sgl.)
Ni vali d’landiq (pl.)
Ni banqi d’parq (sgl.) et ni portali d’parqi (pl.)
Na danz d’paradúqi (pl.)

Dativ/Akusativ/Lokativ/Temporativ (-i)
D: Con matar – Con matari
A: T’castal – T’castali
L: I zatox – I zatoxi
T: Ay tim d’soloq – Ay timi d’soloq

Pronounciation
Iorpún allows the speaker to pronounce a word in a way that is familiar to her/his own language (but keeping a unique spelling at the same time), i.e. Na faz – The face:
English: Na feıs
German: Na fa∫
French: Na fas

C, K et Q
C is the K in the beginning: con-vil-ca’ud!
K is the K in the middle: n’Akt (except Genetiv plural, i.e. ni dagi d’vúqi)
Q is the K in the end: na Iraq

Reason: The “K” sound is not equally represented in the European languages. Therefore a combination is needed to reflect the varieties of the “K” sound so different European language groups find it easier to accept Iorpún.

Ni dzokari

“Z”
Pronounced as “SH” (IPA "∫") it allows the speaker to use it as a soft “SH”, “TS” or even “S” in all its variety, i.e. na zabad, na zatox, na danz.

“Ú”
Pronounced as “EE” (IPA "I:") it is replacing “-Y” in English, “-IE” in German and French, i.e. n’apatú, na farmazú.

„X“
Pronounced as „CH“ (IPA "X") as in „Loch“ it allows the speaker to change the sound „CH“ to „K“ or “KS”, i.e. na monarxú, na export, na taxi (ni taxi pl.):
English: The monarchy, the export, the taxi
German: Die Monarchie, der Export, das Taxi
French: La monarchie, l’export, le taxi

Dikzonar
Na dikzonar - The dictionary
N'advantadz - The advantage
Na lingux - The language
Na part - The part

N'artikal - The article
Na - The (sgl)
Ni - The (pl.)
Un - A, an
Na fem - The woman
Na patar - The father
Na strat - The street

Na cas - The case
Na nominativ - The nominative
Na genetiv - The genetive
Na dativ - The dative
N'akusativ - The accusative
Na lokativ - The lokative (the case of place)
Na temporativ - The temporative (the case of time)

Na gan - The garden
N'animal - The animal
Na car - The car
Tu - Two

Na flor - The flower
Na montan - The mountain
Na color - The colour
Na fiz/ni fizi - The fish (sgl.)/the fish (pl.)

Na vin - The wine
Na púpal/ni púpali - The people (sgl.)/(Mor) people (pl.)
Na folq - The peoples
Na brodar - The brother

Est fres - Eat (sgl.) ("fres" only with animals)
Ist fres - Eat (pl.)
Est es - Eat (sgl.) ("es" with humans)
Ist es - Eat (pl.)
Na cat - The cat
Na rat - The rat
Na uman - The human (being)
Na múl - The meal

Na faz - The face
N'automobil - The automobile
Na hus - The house

Na zabad - The sabbath/Saturday

Na stat - The state
N'akv - The water

Na bar - The bar/cafe
Na tabal - The table
Na land - The land
Na val - The valley
Na parq - The park
Na banq - The bank
Na portal - The gate/portal
Na paradú - The paradies
Na danz - The dance

Na matar - The mother
Na castal - The castle
Na zatox - The château
Na tim d'soloq - The summer
Na tim - The time
Na sol - The sun
Na sul - The soul

con-vil-ca'ud - Please (Not "welcome", meaning "with-will-your" = "With your will")
N'akt - The akt
Na dag - The day
Na vúq - The week
Na Iraq - The Iraq

Na dzokar - the joker
N'apatú - The apathy
Na farmazú - The pharmacy

Na monarxú - The monarchy
Na export - The export
Na taxi/ni taxi - the taxi/the taxis

Na exampal - The example
Na informazon – The information
Mor informazoni - More information(s :-)
To skrib/skriv – To write
Na skol – The school

Go/Gi – Imperative, i.e.
Sgl.: Go skrib un not to Paris, Tom, con-vil-ca'ud! – Write a note to Paris, Tom, please!
Pl.: Gi contact t’polizú, Tom et Sandra, con-vil-ca'y! – Contact the police, Tom and Sandra, please!

Con - With
Por - For
Et - And
Or - Or
I/In - In
Ay - On/at/in (only in connection with time)
As – Through/During (only in connection with time)
Is – Through (only in connection with place)
I.e. (por exampal) - For example (i.e.)
Laq - about ("on" a subject, i.e. Ist parl Tom et Sandra laq Paris - Tom and Sandra talk about Paris)

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Na Montan Ararat, na Gan Eden et n’Arx d’Noah













© 2006 Na montan Ararat i Turqú

€ Na Montan Ararat, na Gan Eden et n’Arx d’Noah
~
EN The mountain Ararat, the garden of Eden and Noah’s Ark
DE Der Berg Ararat, der Garten Eden und die Arche Noah
FR

Na Institutú d’Linguxoq Iorpún (ILI)
Dá n’Institutú d’Linguxoq Iorpún na institutú iorpúz por na union linguxoz d’púpaliq iorpúz. Dú ni stati old’n’iorpúz na basis d’unionoq iorpúz. Ist hab ni linguxi iorpúz t’origini difaranti. Est parl na púpal garmanúz t’lingux Garmanún, na púpal ispanúz t’lingux Ispanún, na púpal inglúz t’lingux Inglún, na púpal franqúz t’lingux Franqún, na púpal ellúz t’lingux Ellún et tog parl na púpal d’Romoq old t’lingux Latún. I dag n’ist parl (= non ist parl) ni romúni t’Latún but t’Italún.

GRAMAR

NEGAZON!
N'est bliq (= non est) na patar to mer - The father does not look to/at the sea
I dag n’ist parl (= non ist parl) ni romúni t’Latún but t’Italún - Today the romans do not speak Latin but Italian.
N'estam (= non estam) parl laq vúq last - I do not speak about last week.
N'istiv (= non istiv) zalab t'festival - We do not celebrate the festival
N'ist parl z et v
(= non ist) laq dagi oldi - They and we do not speak about the old days.
N'og (= non tog) put Carl t'botal d'vinoq on tabal - Carl did not put the bottle of wine on the table
N'ig (= non tig) drinq ni tu femi t'glasi d'biroq - The two women did not drink the glasses of beer

Idú: Est et Súnt?
Estam les t’buk laq Skandinavú
Súntiv les t’dzurnali d’femiq
Súnt les ni fem t’dzurnali d’misamiq

Ni preposizoni
Laq, sub, i/in, at,
Inter-nazon-al

Mor vordi modi:
Na nom, na criterú, na univerisitú, na institutú internazonal, na nazon, nazonal, internazonal,

Dikzonar:
Na montan - The mountain
Ararat (montan i Turqú) - Ararat (mountain in Turkey)
Na gan - The garden
N'arx d'Noah - Noah's Ark

Na institutú - The institute
Dá - There is
Dú - There are
Na union - The union
Na púpal - The people/person
Na stat - The state
Old - Old
Mod - New
Na basis - The base/basis
Est hab - Have/has (sgl.)
Ist hab - Have (pl.)
Na origin - The origin
Difarant - different
To parl - To speak
Garmanú - Germany
Garmanúz - German (adj.)
Garmanún - The German, the German language (as "-ún" means "the keeper of" which can be a person or the language itself)
Ispanú - Spain
Inglú - England
Franqú - France
Ellú - Greece
Italú - Italy
Romún - The roman
Tog parl - Spoke (Past of "speak", sgl.)
Tig parl - Spoke (pl.)
I dag or ay dag - Today

Na negazon - The Negation

Estam les - I read
Istiv les - We read
Na idú - The idea
Est et súnt - Is and are
Skandinavú - Scandinavia
Na dzurnal d'femiq - The women's journal/magazine
Na dzurnal d'misamiq - The men's journal/magazine

Na preposizon - The preposition
Laq - about (on)
Sub - under
I/in - in
At - At
Inter - Inter
Internazonal - International
Na nazon - The nation
Nazonal - National

Na nom/nam - The name
Na criterú - The criteria
Na universitú - The university

Na literatur - The literature

Na literatur – the literature:
The loom of language by Frederick Bodmer, 1997
The Search for the Perfect Language by Umberto Eco,
Foclóir Póca Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1986

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Friday, July 14, 2006

Google PageRank 1
















© 2006 Larry & Sergej d'qompanúq Google

€ Est hab/hav iorpun.blogspot.com PageRank 1 i dag
~
EN Today iorpun.blogspot.com has PageRank 1
DE Heute hat iorpun.blogspot.com PageRank 1
FR

Por mor informazoni laq PageRank go visit www.google.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

International Phonetic Alphabet































© 2006 Qon cortesú d'Wikipedia

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised and in use by linguists. It is intended to provide a standardized, accurate and unique representation for every sound element in human language, that is distinguished as a phone or a phoneme.

Na Istorú - the history
The International Phonetic Alphabet is a system used for describing the sounds of spoken language. It was originally developed by French and British language teachers (led by Paul Passy) under the auspices of the International Phonetic Association, established in Paris in 1886 (both the organisation and the phonetic script are best known as IPA). The first official version of the alphabet appears in Passy (1888). These teachers based the IPA upon the Romic alphabet of Henry Sweet (1880–1881, 1971), which was formed from the Phonotypic Alphabet of Isaac Pitman and Alexander John Ellis (Kelly 1981).

The alphabet has undergone a number of revisions during its history, including some major ones codified by the IPA Kiel Convention (1989); the most recent revision was in 1993, updated again in 1996. The extIPA was first created in 1991, revised to 1997; the VoQS (Voice Quality Symbols) was proposed in 1995 to provide a system for more detailed transcription of voice production (Ball et al. 1995).

The International Phonetic Association was founded in Paris in 1886 under the name Dhi Fonètik Tîcerz' Asóciécon (The Phonetic Teachers' Association), a development of L'Association Phonétique des Professeurs d'Anglais (The English Teachers' Phonetic Association), to create an international phonetic alphabet. The sources for many of the symbols was Henry Sweet's Revised Romic system, which was in turn based on Pitman and Alexander Ellis's Phonotypic Alphabet. Several of the symbols, such as [ŋ] and [ʇ], had been used since the early 17th century.

Na deskripzon - the description
The general principle of the IPA is to provide a separate symbol for each speech segment, avoiding letter combinations (digraphs) such as sh and th in English orthography, and avoiding ambiguity such as that of c in English.

Na prinzipal d'formazonoq - The principle of formation
The IPA is what MacMahon (1996) has termed a "selective" phonetic alphabet. This means that it does not have separate symbols for two sounds if there does not exist a language in which these two sounds are contrasted with one another. In other words, it aims to provide a separate symbol for every contrastive (or phonemic) sound occurring in human language.

For instance, flaps and taps are two different kinds of articulaThe letters chosen for the IPA are generally drawn from the Latin and Greek alphabets, or are modifications of Latin or Greek letters. There are also a few letters derived from Latin punctuation, such as the glottal stop ʔ (originally an apostrophe, but later given the form of a "gelded" question mark to have the visual impact of the other consonants), and one, [ʕ], although Latin in form, was inspired by Arabic letter <ﻉ> `ain. On the other hand, the original Latin-derived symbols for the clicks have been abandoned in favor of iconic Khoisanist symbols such as ǁ.

The sound-values of most consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to those of French, and are also close to those of most other European languages: such consonants include [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z]. English values are used for [h] and [w]. The vowels from the Latin alphabet ([a], [e], [i], [o], [u]) correspond to the vowels of Spanish and are similar to those of Italian. [i] is like the vowel in piece, [u] like rule, etc.

The other symbols from the Latin alphabet, [c], [j], [q], [r], [x], and [y], correspond to sounds these letters represent in various other languages. [j] has the Slavic and Germanic value of , that of English y in yoke; [y] has the Scandinavian and Old English value: Finnish y, German y or ü, French u, Dutch uu, or the Classical Greek Υ (Upsilon).

Letters that share a particular modification sometimes correspond to a similar type of sound. For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonants, with the addition of a rightward facing hook at the bottom (e.g., [ʈ] for [t], [ɖ] for [d], etc.) Although there is some correspondence between modified letters and their unmodified versions, it is usually not possible to deduce the features of a sound (tongue position, manner of articulation, etc.) from the shape of its IPA symbol. For instance, there is no consistent relationship between lowercase letters and their small capital counterparts, nor are all labial consonants linked through a common design.

Diacritic marks can be combined with IPA letters to transcribe modified phonetic values or secondary articulations. There are also special symbols for suprasegmental features such as stress and tone.tion, but since no language has (yet) been found to make a phonemic distinction between, say, an alveolar flap and an alveolar tap, the IPA does not provide them with dedicated symbols. Instead, it provides a single symbol (in this case, [ɾ]), that represents both sounds. For non-contrastive (that is, phonetic or subphonemic) details of these sounds, the IPA relies on diacritics, which are optional. Thus there is a certain level of flexibility in representing a language with the IPA.

Ni prinzipali aft symboli - the principles behind the symbols
The letters chosen for the IPA are generally drawn from the Latin and Greek alphabets, or are modifications of Latin or Greek letters. There are also a few letters derived from Latin punctuation, such as the glottal stop ʔ (originally an apostrophe, but later given the form of a "gelded" question mark to have the visual impact of the other consonants), and one, [ʕ], although Latin in form, was inspired by Arabic letter <ﻉ> `ain. On the other hand, the original Latin-derived symbols for the clicks have been abandoned in favor of iconic Khoisanist symbols such as ǁ.

The sound-values of most consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to those of French, and are also close to those of most other European languages: such consonants include [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z]. English values are used for [h] and [w]. The vowels from the Latin alphabet ([a], [e], [i], [o], [u]) correspond to the vowels of Spanish and are similar to those of Italian. [i] is like the vowel in piece, [u] like rule, etc.

The other symbols from the Latin alphabet, [c], [j], [q], [r], [x], and [y], correspond to sounds these letters represent in various other languages. [j] has the Slavic and Germanic value of , that of English y in yoke; [y] has the Scandinavian and Old English value: Finnish y, German y or ü, French u, Dutch uu, or the Classical Greek Υ (Upsilon).

Letters that share a particular modification sometimes correspond to a similar type of sound. For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonants, with the addition of a rightward facing hook at the bottom (e.g., [ʈ] for [t], [ɖ] for [d], etc.) Although there is some correspondence between modified letters and their unmodified versions, it is usually not possible to deduce the features of a sound (tongue position, manner of articulation, etc.) from the shape of its IPA symbol. For instance, there is no consistent relationship between lowercase letters and their small capital counterparts, nor are all labial consonants linked through a common design.

Diacritic marks can be combined with IPA letters to transcribe modified phonetic values or secondary articulations. There are also special symbols for suprasegmental features such as stress and tone.

Ni typi d'transkripzonoq - the types of transcription
Phonetic transcription (or phonetic notation) is the visual system of symbolization of the sounds occurring in spoken human language. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet (such as the International Phonetic Alphabet).

Phonetic transcription may aim to transcribe the phonology of a language, or it may wish to go further and specify the precise phonetic realisation. In all systems of transcription we may therefore distinguish between broad transcription and narrow transcription. Broad transcription indicates only the phonemes of an utterance, whereas narrow transcription encodes information about the phonetic variations of the specific allophones in the utterance.

For example, one particular pronunciation of the English word little may be transcribed using the IPA as /lɪtl/ or [lɪtɫ]; the broad, phonemic transcription, placed between slashes, indicates merely that the word ends with phoneme /l/, but the narrow, allophonic transcription, placed between square brackets, indicates that this final /l/ is dark.

The advantage of the narrow transcription is that it can help learners to get exactly the right sound, and allows linguists to make detailed analyses of language variation. The disadvantage is that a narrow transcription is rarely representative of all speakers of a language. Some Americans would pronounce the /t/ of little as a [d]. A further disadvantage in less technical contexts is that narrow transcription involves a larger number of symbols which may be unfamiliar to non-specialists.

The advantage of the broad transcription is that it allows statements to be made which apply right across a relatively diverse language community. It is thus more appropriate for the pronunciation data in foreign language dictionaries, which may discuss allophones in the preface but rarely give them for each entry. A rule of thumb in many linguistics contexts is therefore to use a narrow transcription when it is necessary for the point being made, but a broad transcription whenever possible.

Por mor informazoni laq International Phonetic Alphabet go visit WIKIPEDIA et por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Thursday, July 13, 2006

Na Skol d’Iorpúnoq et n’Akadamú d’Iorpúnoq – die Schule des Iorpúns und die Akademie des Iorpúns
















© 2006 ars longa vita brevis

€ Na moto latún d’Skol d’Iorpúnoq: Art Long Vit Brev (Ars Longa Vita Brevis)
~ Na moto lati:n d skol d jorpi:nok: art long wit bräwis (ars longa wita brewis)
DE Das lateinische Motto der Schule des Iorpúns:
EN
FR
DRN

Na vakanz – der Urlaub

~
DE
EN
FR

GRAMAR – GRAMMATIK

Dikzonar:
Na vakanz – der Urlaub, the holiday
Na problem – das Problem, the problem

Por mor informazoni go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Wednesday, July 12, 2006

Ni paradi d’Ordo Oranz i Nord-Irú – die Paraden des Orange Orders in Nordirland













© Un parad d'Ordo Oranz i Belfast - eine Parade des Orange Ordens in Belfast


€ I dag i monad Yul dó ni paradi d’Ordo Oranz i Nord-Irú. Ar/ist marz ni paradi d’Ordoq Oranz is strati d’Belfastoq. Ar/ist stand ni misami d’polizúq d’PSNI qon pistoli it qornari d’stratiq et ar/ist qontrol t’pasporti d’membariq d’paradiq.


GRAMAR – GRAMMATIK

Dikzonar:
I dag - heute, today
Na monad - der Monat, the month
Yul - Juli, July
Na parad - die Parade, the parade
Ordo Oranz - Der Orange Orden, the Orange Order
Nord-Irú - Nordirland, Northern Ireland
To marz - zu marschieren, to march
Na strat - die Strasse, the street
To stand - zu stehen, to stand
Na misam - der Mann, the man
Na misam d'polizúq - der Polizist, the policeman
Na pistol - die Pistole, the pistol
Na qornar - die Ecke, the corner
To qontrol - zu kontrollieren, to control
Na pasport - der Ausweis/Pass, the passport
Na membar - der Mitglied/Teilnehmer, the member

Por mor informazoni go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Na Union Iorpúz (EU) et n'instituzoni qa'an - die Europäische Union (EU) und ihre Institutionen

© 2006 N'instituzoni d'Iorpúq - die Institutionen Europas

€ Na Union Iorpúz et ni Qorpi/Bodú/Instituzoni/Organi qa’an: Na Qomizon Iorpúz,

~ Na unjon jorpiesch e ni korpi/bodie/instituschoni/organi ka’an: Na komischon jorpiesch,
D Europäische Union und ihre Körper(schaften)/Institutionen/Organe: Die Europäische Kommission, der Europäische Gerichtshof, der Europarat
UK The European Union and its bodies/institutions/organs: The European Commission,
F L'Union européenne et institution, agence et organe de l'Union européenne
DRN Na union iorpúz do ni qorpi/instituzoni/organi qa’an: Na Comizon Iorpúz

Ni qontinanti d’teroq – die Kontinente der Erde
€ Ni qontinanti d’teroq: Asú, Amariqú, Afriqú, Australú et Iorpú
~ Ni kontinanti d tärok: asie, amarikie, afrikie, australie e jorpie
D Die Kontinente der Erde: Asien, Amerika, Afrika, Australien und Europa
UK The continents of the earth: Asia, America, Africa, Australia and Europe
F Les
DRN Ni continanti ar teroq: Asú, Amariqú, Afriqú, Australú do Iorpú

Tu toni d'silvaroq – Zwei Tonnen Silber

€ Ist lig tu toni d'silvaroq on grund d’meroq.
~ Ist lig tu toni d silvarok on grund d märok
D Zwei Tonnen (des) Silber(s) liegen auf dem Grund des Meeres.
UK Two tons of silver lie at the bottom of the sea.
F
DRN Teàn igró cgó toni ar silvaroq mo q-grund ar fólgaroq.

GRAMAR – GRAMMATIK

Dikzonar:
Na qorp – der Körper, die Körperschaft, the body
Na instituzon - die Institution, the institution
Na organ - das Organ, the organ
Na qomizon – die Kommission, the commission
Na reputazon – die Reputation, the reputation
Na qontinant – der Kontinent, the continent
Asú - Asien, Asia
Amariqú - Amerika, America
Afriqú - Afrika, Africa
Australú - Australien, Australia
Iorpú - Europa, Europe
Na ton – die Tonne, the ton
Na silvar – das Silber, the silver
Na grund - der Grund, the ground/bottom

Por mor informazoni go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Tuesday, July 04, 2006

Na dag d’independanz amariqúz – der amerikanische Unabhängigkeitstag

€ Na dag d’independanz amariqúz
~ Na dag dindäpändansch amarikiesch

D Der amerikanische Unabhängigkeitstag

UK The american independence day

F

Na zokolad – die Schokolade

€ Istiv es t’zokolad blaq

~ Istiw es t schokolad blak

D Wir essen die schwarze Schokolade

UK We eat the black chocolate

F

DRN


GRAMAR – GRAMMATIK


Dikzonar:

Na dag - der Tag, the day
Na independanz - die Unabhängigkeit, the independence
amariqúz - amerikanisch, american
na zokolad - die Schokolade, the chocolate
blaq - schwarz, black
to es - zu essen, to eat

Por mor informazoni go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Monday, July 03, 2006

Na sal i sup qa’am – das Salz in meiner Suppe














€ Na sal i sup qa’am

~ Na sal i sup ka’am
D Das Salz in meiner Suppe
UK The salt in my soup
F

DRN

Na portal nevast – die Neunte Pforte
€ Ay day estam vadz t’film “na portal nevast” qon aktor Johnny Depp
~ Ai daj ästam wadsch t film “na portal näwast” kon aktor dschoni däp
D Heute schaue ich den Film “Die neunte Pforte” mit dem Schauspieler Johnny Depp
UK Today I watch the film “The ninth gate” with the actor Johnny Depp
F

DRN

Na residanz d’moenxiq – die Residenz der Mönche
€ Est resid na monx i qlostar old

~ Äst resid na monch i klostar old
D Der Mönch residiert in dem alten Kloster
UK The monk resides in the old monastery
F
DRN Teàn resid na monq le g-qlostar dórh

Ni alpi d’Austrúq et ni montani d’Franqú – die Alpen Österreichs und die Berge Frankreichs

~
D
UK
F
DRN

GRAMAR – GRAMMATIK

Mor vordi modi:

€ Na monx, na restaurazon, na filarmonú, na orxestar d’Prahaq, ni flami d’fúroq,
~ na monch, na rästorauschon, na filarmonie, na orchästar d prahaq, ni flami d fierok,

D Der Mönch, die Restauration, die Philharmonie, das Orchester Prags, die Flammen des Feuers

UK
F
DRN

Ausnahmen:
Na detail

Dikzonar:

Por mor informazoni go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!

Sunday, July 02, 2006