Rezepti d'ter in Europún

This new blog is all about food and recipes and what's best: It is in Europún/Iorpún, so everyone can understand it :-)

Please send your comments to: europun@gmail.com or iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Na dag d’búrtoq/búrtdag d’frataroq qa’am Arndt

€ I dag dá na dag d’búrtoq/búrtdag d’frataroq yungar/yungana qa’am Arndt
~ I dag dó na dag d biertok/biertdag d’fratarok jungar/jungana ka’am arndt
EN Today is the birthday of my younger brother Arndt
DE Heute ist der Geburtstag meines jüngeren Bruders Arndt

Superlativ
yung – yungar – yungast => -ar et –ast

c, k et q
Da „c“ zuviele Interpretationsmöglichkeiten bietet, bevorzugt das Iorpún die klaren Zeichen „q“ und „k“, gemäß der Regel 1 Graphem = 1 Phonem, i.e. qontakt – to contact, the contact or na person d’qontaktoq – the contact person => „q“ ist am Anfang (start d’vordoq) und am Ende (end/fin d’vordoq) eines Wortes (im Genetiv) zu finden, während „k“ im Mittelteil und am Ende eines Wortes steht (welches den Genetiv zulässt), Ausnahmen bilden Adjektive, i.e. blanq or blaq

Neuer Laut „J“
Das Zeichen „J“ entspricht dem Laut „dsch“ oder „tsch“, i.e jungal – jungle, Dschungel und kann den Laut „dz“ oder „tz“ ersetzen

Na rega d’Britanúq/Anglúq
€ Dá Elizabeth II. na rega d’Britanúq et Anglúq et otar statiq d’mundoq
EN Elisabeth II. is the queen of Britania and England
DE Elizabeth II. ist die Queen/Königin von Britannien und England und vielen anderen Staaten der Erde

Dá et dú or dás et dús in tid/tim d’pastoq
Abwandlung des irischen „Tá“: „Dá“ und „dú“ beschreiben einen Zustand ohne ein konkretes „proper verb“, i.e. dá = es/da ist/gibt, there is und dú = es/da sind, there are => Dá Peter in gardan = Peter is in the garden oder Dú Carl et fem qa’ex Susan in Afrikú… Past: Dás Sandra na fem d’Paul – Sandra was the woman of Paul oder Dús Claire et Pascal un cupal bel in an last – Claire and Pascal were a nice couple last year

Na cat et ni hundi in gardan
€ Istiv vid et aud t’cat blaq et t’hundi blanq in gardan d’femiq yung Catherine et Sally
~ istiw wid e a-ud t kat blak e t hundi blank in gardan d fämik jung katrin e salli
EN We see and hear the black cat and the white dogs in the garden of the young women Catherine and Sally
DE Wir sehen und hören die schwarze Katze und die weissen Hunde im Garden der jungen Frauen Catherine und Sally

Na studú d’bukoq
€ Estam qondukt t’studú d’bukoq laq linguxi iorpúz
~ ästam kondukt t studie d bukok lak linguchi jorpiesch
EN I conduct a book study on European languages
DE Ich führe eine Buchstudie über europäische Sprache durch

Allround word „laq“ in contrast to “over” or “on”
€ Estam parl laq Africú et istiz qondukt t’studú laq produkti d’internetoq et est vid Sarah t’film qon Brad Pitt laq historú d’Irúq et ist les Paul et Sandra t’bukoq laq flori/blumi et planti d’mundoq, but est put Peter t’qoli blaq on flami d’fúroq
EN I talk about Africa and they conduct a study on internet products and Sarah watches a film with Brad Pitt on the history of Ireland and Paul and Sandra read a book on flowers and plants of the earth, but Peter puts black coals on the flames of the fire
DE Ich rede über Afrika und sie führen eine Studie über Internet Produkte durch und Sarah sieht einen Film mit Brad Pitt über die (Historie) Geschichte Irlands und Paul und Sandra lesen ein Buch über Blumen und Pflanzen der Erde, aber Peter legt schwarze Kohlen auf die Flammen des Feuers

Na toilet d’puboq
€ I dag estam sit on toilet d’puboq FXB i Monkstown et les t’artikali i jurnal d’femiq „Elle“ laq animali d’jungaloq in Afrikú
EN Today I sit on the toilet of the pub FXB in Monkstown and read the articles in the women journal “Elle” on animals of the jungle in Africa
DE Heute sitze ich auf der Toilette des Pubs FXB in Monkstown und lese die Berichte/Artikel über Tiere in Afrika im Frauen-Journal “Elle”

Dikzonar:

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún email/skrib to: iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Ni diplomati – The diplomats

© Na hand d’insultoq

€ Estam insult t’diplomati con vordi et signali ca’am.
EN I insult the diplomats with my words and signs.
DE Ich beleidige die Diplomaten mit meinen Worten und Zeichen.

Dikzonar:
Na diplomat – The diplomat
Á insult – To insult
Na vord – The word
Na signal – The sign, signal

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún email/skrib to: iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Present, Past, Futur I et Futur II

Present:
Est stand un glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Est stand na glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Ist stand ni glasi d’vinoq roz on tabal

Past:
Og stand un glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Og stand na glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Ig stand ni glasi d’vinoq roz on tabal

Futur I:
Vor stand un glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Vor stand na glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Vir stand ni glasi d’vinoq roz on tabal

Futur II:
Vol stand un glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Vol stand na glas d'vinoq roz on tabal
Vil stand ni glasi d’vinoq roz on tabal

Dikzonar:
est – is
á stand – to stand
est stand – (it) stand
ist – are
ist stand – (there are) standing
un – a, an
na – the (sgl)
ni – the (pl)
glas – glas
vin – wine
roz - red
tabal – table

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún email/skrib to: iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Suzú

© Na múl d’suzúq

Na vin d'rizoq, na soz soy et na riz yapanúz por múl d'suzúq. Unast a put t’porzon riz et t’aqv (1 ½ x qvantitú d’rizoq) in pot.

Dikzonar:
Suzú/Sushú/Sushi - Sushi
Na vin - The wine
Na riz - The rice
Na soz - The sauce
Na soy - The soy
Yapan - Japan
yapanúz - japanese
Na múl - The meal
Unast – First
á put – to put
Na porzon – The portion
N’aqv – The water
Na qvantatú – The quantity
Na pot – The pot

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún sqrib to:
Sqol d'Iorpúnoq
1 Eaton Square
Monkstown
Co. Dublin
Ireland

or email to:
iorpun@gmail.com

qon-vil-qa'ud!

Na kong krab d'meroq

© Na kong krab

Dikzonar:

Na kong - the king
Na krab - the crab
Na mer - the sea

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Steve Irwin is dead

© Steve Irwin

Dikzonar:

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Tibet, Lhasa et na Dalú Lama

© Na zid Lhasa in Tibet

Dikzonar:
Na calmar – der Kalmar
Na nal d’fingaroq – der Fingernagel
á rest – zu rasten, to rest

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Na Zirq d'Soloq - Le Cirque du Soleil

© Na zirq d’soloq in akzon

€ Na Zirq d’Soloq
~ Na schirk d solok
EN The Circle of (the) Sun
DE Der Sonnenzirkel
FR Le Cirque du Soleil

GRAMAR

Ni Tempi
Present:
Estam drinq – I drink
Istiv – We drink

Past:
Togam drinq – I drank
Tigiv drinq – We drank

Futur I:
Voram drinq – I am going to drink
Viriv drinq – We are going to drink

Futur II:
Volam – I will drink
Viliv – We will drink

Dikzonar:

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

N’art – Na repetizon continuz d’movmentoq

© N’art

€ Est lig na definizon d’artoq i repetizon continuz d’movmentoq
EN The definition of art lies in the continuous repetition of movement
DE Die Definition von Kunst liegt in der kontinuierlichen Wiederholung von Bewegungsabläufen

GRAMAR

Dikzonar
N’art – The art
Na repetizon – The repetition
Á repet – To repeat
Continuz – continuous

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith

© 2006 Na Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith

Duirú. This is the place where it all began in 1985, "na Or Duirú do na Gós ar Uith". The empire Duirún lies within the borders of Dechbetten, a southern suburb of Regensburg, the mountain Gós ar Uith lies south west and borders with the cliffs of Schwalbennest. In the early days we copied the map of Dechbetten (or Dakbadhan) from our local telephone book and look what we have now :-)

If you like more please contact iorpun@gmail.com

Na nút bon et ni nebuli darq i skamal

© 2006 Na nút bon

€ Estam viz por stel ca'ud t' nút bon
~ ästam wisch por stäl kaud t niet bon
DE Ich wünsche Dir eine gute Nacht
EN I wish you a good night

Dikzonar
Na nút - The night
bon/gud - good
Estam viz - I wish
á viz - to wish
por - for
stel ca'ud - you (Dative)
Na nebul – The cloud
Na skamal - The sky
darq/dunkal – dark
negral/blaq - black

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Ni sorti diferanti d’uiskúq et ni modi qa’an d’skriboq

© 2006 Mang botali d'uiskúq irúz

Duvlin. Est dezend na vord "Whiskey" or "Whisky" fra vord gaelgúz/d'Gaelgúnoq "uisge beatha" or "uisce beatha" vidz est deskrib na "akv d'vitoq".

Dikzonar
Na sort - The sort
Na diferanz - The difference
Na uiskú - The whisk(e)y
Na botal - The bottle
mang - many
Irú - Ireland
irúz - irish
Na mod - The mode
Na skrib - The writing
Duvlin - Dublin
á dezend - To descend
fra - from
Na vord - The word
Na Gaelgún - The gaelic language
gaelgúz - gaelic
or - or
Uisce/uisge beatha - Water of life
vidz - which
á deskrib - to describe
N'akv - The water
Na vit - The life

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud

Un amiqo d’familoq Jobert

© Na flor Anemone Honorine Jobert i gan d'famil Jobert

Paris. Og-dag tog visit n’amiqo ispanúq Carlo t’famil d’Anemone Honorine Jobert in hus qa’iz in Paris. Dág na surpriz grand por famil Jobert et tigiz zalab t’fest qon botali d’vinoq ruz.

Na rekrut d’armúq
Baraq. Est start á paq na rekrut d’armúq t’saq qa’an.

Na filosofú, na religion et na pruf d'existanz d'vitoq aft mort
Por Roland Burke, + 10.07.2006

GRAMAR
The ending –anz is replacing the endings –ence and –anz, –ment stays the same, -zon -tion

Dikzonar
Na militar – The military
Na rekrut – The recruit
Á rekrut – To rekrut
N’armú – The army
Na quest/cvest – The question
Á qest/cvest – To ask
Na baraq – The barrak
Na domizil – The domicile
Na hus/maison – The house
Na partizipant – The participant
Á partizipat – To participate
Na marzal – The marshall
Na camrad – The comrade
N’amiq/amig/frend – The friend (n.)
N’amiqo/amigo/frendo – The friend (m.)
N’amiqa/amiga/frenda – The friend (f.)
Na moment – The moment
Ay moment – At the moment
Un moment, con-vil-ca’ud! – One moment, please!
Bruxel – Brussels
Na filosofú – The philosophie
Na filosof – The philosoph
Na column – The column
Na pruf – The proof
Á pruf – To prove
Na existanz – The existence
Á exist – To exist
Na vit aft mort - The life after death
God/Dios/Deú/De/Di – God
Na signal – The sign, signal
Na paq – The pack
Á paq – To pack
Na saq – The sack
Na verzon – The version
Na ofiz – The office
Na start – The start
Á start – to start, begin
Congratulazon - Congratulation
Og-dag - Yesterday

Ni paranti – The parents
Na parant – The parent
Na padar – The father
Na madar – The mother
Na infant – The child
Na son/filo – The son
Na tadar/dadar/dotar/dodar/fila – The daughter

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Gaelgún et na Parlment Iorpúz

© 2006 Na Parlment Iorpúz

Na debat laq us d’linguxoq Gaelgún
Bruxel. Na translazon aktual et ni legi d’interpretazonoq por lingux Gaelgún vil cost na Parlment Iorpúz aprox €677,000 (£470,000) in ani d’futuroq. Est cos na numbar t’debat si dá na EU na “Tur d’Babaloq”. Est akzept na EU t’Catalonú et t’lingux qa’an Catalonún.

Na yus d’frutoq
€ Estam drinq t’yus cul d’frutoq ananas
~ Estam drink t jus kul d frutok ananas
EN I drink the cold Ananas fruit juice
DE Ich drinke den kalten Ananas Fruchtsaft
FR

Dikzonar:
Na Gaelgún – The gaelic language
Bruxel - Brussels
Na us – The usage
To us – To use
Na parlment – The parliament
To debat – To debate
Na debat – the debate
Na interpretazon – The interpretation
To interpret – To interprete
Na translazon – The translation
To translat – To translate
Na leg – The law
Legal – Legal
To cost – To cost
Na an - The year
Na futur - The future
Ni ani d'futuroq - In the future years
Aprox – Approximately
Na buton – The button
N’akzon – The action
In akzon – In action 
N’artikal – The article
To cos – To cause
Si – if, whether
Na number – The number
Na tur – The tower
Babal – Babel
Est akzept – Accept
Catalonú – Catalonia
Catalonún – Catalonian (both language and people)
Na yus – The juice
Cul - Cold
Na frut – The fruit
N’ananas – The ananas

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go-skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go-contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-qa'ud!

Interlingua d'International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA)

© 2006 Interlingua d'International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA)

The International Auxiliary Language Association, which existed from 1924 to 1954, was a notable proponent of international auxiliary languages. Although it was originally created to determine which auxiliary language of a wide field of contenders would be the best suited to the task of international communication, it eventually changed direction into creating its own language, Interlingua. It would later publish materials in and about Interlingua from 1951 until 1954.

Por mor informazoni laq IALA et Interlingua go cliq t'linki, con-vil-ca'ud!

Ni advantadzi d’linguxoq Iorpún - Part I

Ni artikali: Na, Ni et Un
Na/Ni: The definite articles "Na" and "Ni" derive from the Irish articles “An” (sgl.) and “Na” (pl.). In Iorpún “Na” means “the” (sgl.) and “Ni” “the” (pl.). There is no distinction between f, m and n, i.e. na fem – ni femi, na patar – ni patari and na strat – ni strati.
Un: The indefinite article is “Un” and there is no distinction between f, m and n, i.e. un fem, un patar and un strat.

Ni casi d’Iorpúnoq

Nominativ
Un gan - Na gan – Ni gani
Un animal - N’animal – Ni animali
Un car – Na car – Ni cari
Un car - Tu cari

Genetiv (d’ -oq/-iq)
Na flor d’montanoq (sgl.)
Ni colori d’fiziq (pl.)

Dativ (con, por et laq)
Con vin/vini
Por púpal/púpali
Laq brodar/brodari

Akusativ (t’)
Est fres na cat t’rat – Ist fres ni cati t’rati
Est es na uman t’múl – Ist es ni umani t’múli
Est es Tom t'múli tu (= tu múli)

Lokativ
I faz/fazi
In automobil/automobili (“In” only used before “a-, e-, i-, o- and u-“ words)
In hus/husi (“In” only used before “h-“ words, vive la France :-)

Temporativ
Ay zabad – Ay zabadi
As tim - As timi

Singular et Plural

Nominativ (-i):
As most of the words in Iorpún end with a consonant it is easy to add the plural suffix –i:
Un/Na stat – Ni stati
Un/N’akv – Ni akvi
Un taxi/na taxi - ni taxi

Genetiv (d -oq, -iq or –qi):
Ni tabali d’baroq (sgl.)
Ni vali d’landiq (pl.)
Ni banqi d’parq (sgl.) et ni portali d’parqi (pl.)
Na danz d’paradúqi (pl.)

Dativ/Akusativ/Lokativ/Temporativ (-i)
D: Con matar – Con matari
A: T’castal – T’castali
L: I zatox – I zatoxi
T: Ay tim d’soloq – Ay timi d’soloq

Pronounciation
Iorpún allows the speaker to pronounce a word in a way that is familiar to her/his own language (but keeping a unique spelling at the same time), i.e. Na faz – The face:
English: Na feıs
German: Na fa∫
French: Na fas

C, K et Q
C is the K in the beginning: con-vil-ca’ud!
K is the K in the middle: n’Akt (except Genetiv plural, i.e. ni dagi d’vúqi)
Q is the K in the end: na Iraq

Reason: The “K” sound is not equally represented in the European languages. Therefore a combination is needed to reflect the varieties of the “K” sound so different European language groups find it easier to accept Iorpún.

Ni dzokari

“Z”
Pronounced as “SH” (IPA "∫") it allows the speaker to use it as a soft “SH”, “TS” or even “S” in all its variety, i.e. na zabad, na zatox, na danz.

“Ú”
Pronounced as “EE” (IPA "I:") it is replacing “-Y” in English, “-IE” in German and French, i.e. n’apatú, na farmazú.

„X“
Pronounced as „CH“ (IPA "X") as in „Loch“ it allows the speaker to change the sound „CH“ to „K“ or “KS”, i.e. na monarxú, na export, na taxi (ni taxi pl.):
English: The monarchy, the export, the taxi
German: Die Monarchie, der Export, das Taxi
French: La monarchie, l’export, le taxi

Dikzonar
Na dikzonar - The dictionary
N'advantadz - The advantage
Na lingux - The language
Na part - The part

N'artikal - The article
Na - The (sgl)
Ni - The (pl.)
Un - A, an
Na fem - The woman
Na patar - The father
Na strat - The street

Na cas - The case
Na nominativ - The nominative
Na genetiv - The genetive
Na dativ - The dative
N'akusativ - The accusative
Na lokativ - The lokative (the case of place)
Na temporativ - The temporative (the case of time)

Na gan - The garden
N'animal - The animal
Na car - The car
Tu - Two

Na flor - The flower
Na montan - The mountain
Na color - The colour
Na fiz/ni fizi - The fish (sgl.)/the fish (pl.)

Na vin - The wine
Na púpal/ni púpali - The people (sgl.)/(Mor) people (pl.)
Na folq - The peoples
Na brodar - The brother

Est fres - Eat (sgl.) ("fres" only with animals)
Ist fres - Eat (pl.)
Est es - Eat (sgl.) ("es" with humans)
Ist es - Eat (pl.)
Na cat - The cat
Na rat - The rat
Na uman - The human (being)
Na múl - The meal

Na faz - The face
N'automobil - The automobile
Na hus - The house

Na zabad - The sabbath/Saturday

Na stat - The state
N'akv - The water

Na bar - The bar/cafe
Na tabal - The table
Na land - The land
Na val - The valley
Na parq - The park
Na banq - The bank
Na portal - The gate/portal
Na paradú - The paradies
Na danz - The dance

Na matar - The mother
Na castal - The castle
Na zatox - The château
Na tim d'soloq - The summer
Na tim - The time
Na sol - The sun
Na sul - The soul

con-vil-ca'ud - Please (Not "welcome", meaning "with-will-your" = "With your will")
N'akt - The akt
Na dag - The day
Na vúq - The week
Na Iraq - The Iraq

Na dzokar - the joker
N'apatú - The apathy
Na farmazú - The pharmacy

Na monarxú - The monarchy
Na export - The export
Na taxi/ni taxi - the taxi/the taxis

Na exampal - The example
Na informazon – The information
Mor informazoni - More information(s :-)
To skrib/skriv – To write
Na skol – The school

Go/Gi – Imperative, i.e.
Sgl.: Go skrib un not to Paris, Tom, con-vil-ca'ud! – Write a note to Paris, Tom, please!
Pl.: Gi contact t’polizú, Tom et Sandra, con-vil-ca'y! – Contact the police, Tom and Sandra, please!

Con - With
Por - For
Et - And
Or - Or
I/In - In
Ay - On/at/in (only in connection with time)
As – Through/During (only in connection with time)
Is – Through (only in connection with place)
I.e. (por exampal) - For example (i.e.)
Laq - about ("on" a subject, i.e. Ist parl Tom et Sandra laq Paris - Tom and Sandra talk about Paris)

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

Na Montan Ararat, na Gan Eden et n’Arx d’Noah

© 2006 Na montan Ararat i Turqú

€ Na Montan Ararat, na Gan Eden et n’Arx d’Noah
~
EN The mountain Ararat, the garden of Eden and Noah’s Ark
DE Der Berg Ararat, der Garten Eden und die Arche Noah
FR

Na Institutú d’Linguxoq Iorpún (ILI)
Dá n’Institutú d’Linguxoq Iorpún na institutú iorpúz por na union linguxoz d’púpaliq iorpúz. Dú ni stati old’n’iorpúz na basis d’unionoq iorpúz. Ist hab ni linguxi iorpúz t’origini difaranti. Est parl na púpal garmanúz t’lingux Garmanún, na púpal ispanúz t’lingux Ispanún, na púpal inglúz t’lingux Inglún, na púpal franqúz t’lingux Franqún, na púpal ellúz t’lingux Ellún et tog parl na púpal d’Romoq old t’lingux Latún. I dag n’ist parl (= non ist parl) ni romúni t’Latún but t’Italún.

GRAMAR

NEGAZON!
N'est bliq (= non est) na patar to mer - The father does not look to/at the sea
I dag n’ist parl (= non ist parl) ni romúni t’Latún but t’Italún - Today the romans do not speak Latin but Italian.
N'estam (= non estam) parl laq vúq last - I do not speak about last week.
N'istiv (= non istiv) zalab t'festival - We do not celebrate the festival
N'ist parl z et v (= non ist) laq dagi oldi - They and we do not speak about the old days.
N'og (= non tog) put Carl t'botal d'vinoq on tabal - Carl did not put the bottle of wine on the table
N'ig (= non tig) drinq ni tu femi t'glasi d'biroq - The two women did not drink the glasses of beer

Idú: Est et Súnt?
Estam les t’buk laq Skandinavú
Súntiv les t’dzurnali d’femiq
Súnt les ni fem t’dzurnali d’misamiq

Ni preposizoni
Laq, sub, i/in, at,
Inter-nazon-al

Mor vordi modi:
Na nom, na criterú, na univerisitú, na institutú internazonal, na nazon, nazonal, internazonal,

Dikzonar:
Na montan - The mountain
Ararat (montan i Turqú) - Ararat (mountain in Turkey)
Na gan - The garden
N'arx d'Noah - Noah's Ark

Na institutú - The institute
Dá - There is
Dú - There are
Na union - The union
Na púpal - The people/person
Na stat - The state
Old - Old
Mod - New
Na basis - The base/basis
Est hab - Have/has (sgl.)
Ist hab - Have (pl.)
Na origin - The origin
Difarant - different
To parl - To speak
Garmanú - Germany
Garmanúz - German (adj.)
Garmanún - The German, the German language (as "-ún" means "the keeper of" which can be a person or the language itself)
Ispanú - Spain
Inglú - England
Franqú - France
Ellú - Greece
Italú - Italy
Romún - The roman
Tog parl - Spoke (Past of "speak", sgl.)
Tig parl - Spoke (pl.)
I dag or ay dag - Today

Na negazon - The Negation

Estam les - I read
Istiv les - We read
Na idú - The idea
Est et súnt - Is and are
Skandinavú - Scandinavia
Na dzurnal d'femiq - The women's journal/magazine
Na dzurnal d'misamiq - The men's journal/magazine

Na preposizon - The preposition
Laq - about (on)
Sub - under
I/in - in
At - At
Inter - Inter
Internazonal - International
Na nazon - The nation
Nazonal - National

Na nom/nam - The name
Na criterú - The criteria
Na universitú - The university

Na literatur - The literature

Na literatur – the literature:
The loom of language by Frederick Bodmer, 1997
The Search for the Perfect Language by Umberto Eco,
Foclóir Póca Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1986

Por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go skrib to: Skol d'Iorpúnoq, 1 Eaton Square, Monkstown, Co. Dublin, Éire or go contakt iorpun@gmail.com, con-vil-ca'ud!

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International Phonetic Alphabet

© 2006 Qon cortesú d'Wikipedia

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation devised and in use by linguists. It is intended to provide a standardized, accurate and unique representation for every sound element in human language, that is distinguished as a phone or a phoneme.

Na Istorú - the history
The International Phonetic Alphabet is a system used for describing the sounds of spoken language. It was originally developed by French and British language teachers (led by Paul Passy) under the auspices of the International Phonetic Association, established in Paris in 1886 (both the organisation and the phonetic script are best known as IPA). The first official version of the alphabet appears in Passy (1888). These teachers based the IPA upon the Romic alphabet of Henry Sweet (1880–1881, 1971), which was formed from the Phonotypic Alphabet of Isaac Pitman and Alexander John Ellis (Kelly 1981).

The alphabet has undergone a number of revisions during its history, including some major ones codified by the IPA Kiel Convention (1989); the most recent revision was in 1993, updated again in 1996. The extIPA was first created in 1991, revised to 1997; the VoQS (Voice Quality Symbols) was proposed in 1995 to provide a system for more detailed transcription of voice production (Ball et al. 1995).

The International Phonetic Association was founded in Paris in 1886 under the name Dhi Fonètik Tîcerz' Asóciécon (The Phonetic Teachers' Association), a development of L'Association Phonétique des Professeurs d'Anglais (The English Teachers' Phonetic Association), to create an international phonetic alphabet. The sources for many of the symbols was Henry Sweet's Revised Romic system, which was in turn based on Pitman and Alexander Ellis's Phonotypic Alphabet. Several of the symbols, such as [ŋ] and [ʇ], had been used since the early 17th century.

Na deskripzon - the description
The general principle of the IPA is to provide a separate symbol for each speech segment, avoiding letter combinations (digraphs) such as sh and th in English orthography, and avoiding ambiguity such as that of c in English.

Na prinzipal d'formazonoq - The principle of formation
The IPA is what MacMahon (1996) has termed a "selective" phonetic alphabet. This means that it does not have separate symbols for two sounds if there does not exist a language in which these two sounds are contrasted with one another. In other words, it aims to provide a separate symbol for every contrastive (or phonemic) sound occurring in human language.

For instance, flaps and taps are two different kinds of articulaThe letters chosen for the IPA are generally drawn from the Latin and Greek alphabets, or are modifications of Latin or Greek letters. There are also a few letters derived from Latin punctuation, such as the glottal stop ʔ (originally an apostrophe, but later given the form of a "gelded" question mark to have the visual impact of the other consonants), and one, [ʕ], although Latin in form, was inspired by Arabic letter <ﻉ> `ain. On the other hand, the original Latin-derived symbols for the clicks have been abandoned in favor of iconic Khoisanist symbols such as ǁ.

The sound-values of most consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to those of French, and are also close to those of most other European languages: such consonants include [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z]. English values are used for [h] and [w]. The vowels from the Latin alphabet ([a], [e], [i], [o], [u]) correspond to the vowels of Spanish and are similar to those of Italian. [i] is like the vowel in piece, [u] like rule, etc.

The other symbols from the Latin alphabet, [c], [j], [q], [r], [x], and [y], correspond to sounds these letters represent in various other languages. [j] has the Slavic and Germanic value of , that of English y in yoke; [y] has the Scandinavian and Old English value: Finnish y, German y or ü, French u, Dutch uu, or the Classical Greek Υ (Upsilon).

Letters that share a particular modification sometimes correspond to a similar type of sound. For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonants, with the addition of a rightward facing hook at the bottom (e.g., [ʈ] for [t], [ɖ] for [d], etc.) Although there is some correspondence between modified letters and their unmodified versions, it is usually not possible to deduce the features of a sound (tongue position, manner of articulation, etc.) from the shape of its IPA symbol. For instance, there is no consistent relationship between lowercase letters and their small capital counterparts, nor are all labial consonants linked through a common design.

Diacritic marks can be combined with IPA letters to transcribe modified phonetic values or secondary articulations. There are also special symbols for suprasegmental features such as stress and tone.tion, but since no language has (yet) been found to make a phonemic distinction between, say, an alveolar flap and an alveolar tap, the IPA does not provide them with dedicated symbols. Instead, it provides a single symbol (in this case, [ɾ]), that represents both sounds. For non-contrastive (that is, phonetic or subphonemic) details of these sounds, the IPA relies on diacritics, which are optional. Thus there is a certain level of flexibility in representing a language with the IPA.

Ni prinzipali aft symboli - the principles behind the symbols
The letters chosen for the IPA are generally drawn from the Latin and Greek alphabets, or are modifications of Latin or Greek letters. There are also a few letters derived from Latin punctuation, such as the glottal stop ʔ (originally an apostrophe, but later given the form of a "gelded" question mark to have the visual impact of the other consonants), and one, [ʕ], although Latin in form, was inspired by Arabic letter <ﻉ> `ain. On the other hand, the original Latin-derived symbols for the clicks have been abandoned in favor of iconic Khoisanist symbols such as ǁ.

The sound-values of most consonants taken from the Latin alphabet correspond to those of French, and are also close to those of most other European languages: such consonants include [b], [d], [f], [g], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], (unvoiced) [s], [t], [v], [z]. English values are used for [h] and [w]. The vowels from the Latin alphabet ([a], [e], [i], [o], [u]) correspond to the vowels of Spanish and are similar to those of Italian. [i] is like the vowel in piece, [u] like rule, etc.

The other symbols from the Latin alphabet, [c], [j], [q], [r], [x], and [y], correspond to sounds these letters represent in various other languages. [j] has the Slavic and Germanic value of , that of English y in yoke; [y] has the Scandinavian and Old English value: Finnish y, German y or ü, French u, Dutch uu, or the Classical Greek Υ (Upsilon).

Letters that share a particular modification sometimes correspond to a similar type of sound. For example, all the retroflex consonants have the same symbol as the equivalent alveolar consonants, with the addition of a rightward facing hook at the bottom (e.g., [ʈ] for [t], [ɖ] for [d], etc.) Although there is some correspondence between modified letters and their unmodified versions, it is usually not possible to deduce the features of a sound (tongue position, manner of articulation, etc.) from the shape of its IPA symbol. For instance, there is no consistent relationship between lowercase letters and their small capital counterparts, nor are all labial consonants linked through a common design.

Diacritic marks can be combined with IPA letters to transcribe modified phonetic values or secondary articulations. There are also special symbols for suprasegmental features such as stress and tone.

Ni typi d'transkripzonoq - the types of transcription
Phonetic transcription (or phonetic notation) is the visual system of symbolization of the sounds occurring in spoken human language. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet (such as the International Phonetic Alphabet).

Phonetic transcription may aim to transcribe the phonology of a language, or it may wish to go further and specify the precise phonetic realisation. In all systems of transcription we may therefore distinguish between broad transcription and narrow transcription. Broad transcription indicates only the phonemes of an utterance, whereas narrow transcription encodes information about the phonetic variations of the specific allophones in the utterance.

For example, one particular pronunciation of the English word little may be transcribed using the IPA as /lɪtl/ or [lɪtɫ]; the broad, phonemic transcription, placed between slashes, indicates merely that the word ends with phoneme /l/, but the narrow, allophonic transcription, placed between square brackets, indicates that this final /l/ is dark.

The advantage of the narrow transcription is that it can help learners to get exactly the right sound, and allows linguists to make detailed analyses of language variation. The disadvantage is that a narrow transcription is rarely representative of all speakers of a language. Some Americans would pronounce the /t/ of little as a [d]. A further disadvantage in less technical contexts is that narrow transcription involves a larger number of symbols which may be unfamiliar to non-specialists.

The advantage of the broad transcription is that it allows statements to be made which apply right across a relatively diverse language community. It is thus more appropriate for the pronunciation data in foreign language dictionaries, which may discuss allophones in the preface but rarely give them for each entry. A rule of thumb in many linguistics contexts is therefore to use a narrow transcription when it is necessary for the point being made, but a broad transcription whenever possible.

Por mor informazoni laq International Phonetic Alphabet go visit WIKIPEDIA et por mor informazoni laq Iorpún go qontakt iorpun@gmail.com, qon-vil-qa'ud!